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Lesson Plan May 15, 2026

Topic: Zero and First Conditionals

In this unit you learn how begin to look at conditional sentences that use “if”. We will examine “zero conditional” (always true) and first conditional (can happen in the future).

Zero conditional = IF + PRESENT SIMPLE, + PRESENT SIMPLE
First conditional = IF + PRESENT SIMPLE, + WILL or WILL + IF + PRESENT SIMPLE

Section A: Zero Conditional

The zero conditional, also called the “real” conditional, this refers to things that are always true. It is used to describe the direct result of an action.

• If + present simple, + present simple

  • If you heat water, it boils.

• Present simple+ if + present simple

  • You get fat if you eat too much chocolate.

Read the email below. Pay attention to what Anna does and then what the baby does.

To: Sophie
From Anna
Subject: Sammy

Hi Sophie,

I want to tell you about my baby brother, Sammy. He’s lovely. If I smile at him, he laughs and if I wave at him, he waves back at me. If I give him a toy, he throws it on the ground! He takes a long time to get to sleep but if I sing to him, he falls asleep more quickly.

He’s so sweet. You must come and see him soon!

Anna

We know from the email,

• If she smiles at hime, he laughs.

• Is she waves at him, he waves back at her.

• If she gives him a toy, he throws it on the ground.

• If she sings to him, he falls asleep more quickly

Section B: First Conditional

The first conditional, also called the “future real” conditional, uses “if” to describe a realistic action that might lead to a future result.

• If + present simple, + will

  • If you take a map, you won’t get lost.

• Will + if + present simple

  • You’ll pass your exams if you work hard.

Read what the teacher is saying to her students.

Welcome to your new English class. Remember these things. You’ll learn more quickly if you speak English all the time. If you ask me questions, it will help you to understand. If you don’t do your homework, you won’t pass your exams. You’ll learn lots of new works if you start reading books in English.

Lesson Notes

Words & Phrases

• I bought some special soil to turn my hydrangeas a pink colour.

Appropriate Language

• Hang (verb) is confusing because it has two different past tense forms based on meaning

  • 1. to fasten or be fastened to a high point without support from below (hang / hung)

    • We hung colourful lights in the garden for the party last night.

    • I think we hung that picture a little crooked.

  • 2. to execute (kill) someone by using rope. (hang / hanged)

    • The prisoner was hanged the other day.

Conditional Sentences

• You will get a stomach ache if you eat that many spicy peppers. (First conditional: future result of an action)

• If it rains tomorrow, the hiking trip will be cancelled. (NOT “will rain”; we almost never use "will" inside the "if" part of a sentence)

• If you touch a flame, you burn yourself. (Zero conditional for facts)

• If you leave milk in the sun, it goes sour. (NOT “will go”, zero conditional for facts)