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Lesson Plan November 14, 2025

Topic: Conjunctions

In this lesson we will look at the use of conjunctions for linking sentence clauses.

A conjunction is a word or phrase that joins two parts of a sentence.

Section A: Coordinating conjunctions

Coordinating conjunctions are used to join two parts of a sentence that may be single words or clauses

AND

• adds or connection two things together

  • Bob and Jill live in the same street.

• suggestions that one idea happens after another idea

  • I called his name, and he came.

• suggests that one idea is the result of another

  • I heard the weather forecast and decided not to go out

BUT

• suggests a contrast

  • He has no money but he is happy.

OR

• suggests alternatives

  • We can start the lesson at 3pm or we can begin at 4pm.

YET

• makes a contrast, that can be unexpected or surprising

  • Joseph plays rugby well, yet his favourite sport is volleyball.

SO

• suggests a result

  • It was raining so we decided to stay in.

FOR

• means ‘because’ in a very formal or literary contexts

  • I don’t know what he looks like for I have never met him.

Section B: Subordinating conjunctions

Subordinating conjunctions are used to join a subordinate dependent clause to a main idea

Study the sentences below.

• It looks (as though / as if / like) you’ve never met before.

• You can come to my party (as long as / if / on the condition that) you do not bring Mike!

• Tom went swimming (although / despite the fact that) it was raining.

• Ring the doorbell (once / as soon as) you arrive.

• You can go (whenever / any time / when) you want.

• I won’t call you (unless / except if) there’s a problem.

• Don’t call me (until / before) I finish work. I’ll be busy all day.

• He called me by my first name (since / because) we already knew each other well.

• He was shot in the back (as / while) he tried to escape.

Lesson Notes

Words & Phrases

• Northern lights (noun); Synonyms: aurora borealis, polar lights, aurora

• We travelled to Norway to see the northern lights.

• The northern lights painted the sky with green and purple hues.

• Seeing the northern lights is on my bucket list.

• Be broke (phrase) = to have no money or be financially insolvent (Synonyms: penniless, impoverished, strapped for cash)

  • I can’t go out tonight because I’m completely broke.

  • After buying the new laptop, he was broke until his next paycheck.

  • She’s always careful with money so she doesn’t end up broke.

Conjunctions

But vs Yet

• But: I studied all week for the test, but I didn’t get a very high score.

• But: just states the contrast

• Yet: I studied all week for the test, yet I didn’t get a very high score.

• Yet: suggests it’s surprising given all the studying

• But: He loves spicy food, but he didn’t eat the hot wings.

• But: simple opposition

• Yet: He loves spicy food, yet he didn’t eat the hot wings.

• Yet: unexpected, because someone who loves spicy food would usually eat hot wings

• But: She has a busy schedule, but she always finds time to volunteer.

• But: just a factual contrast

• Yet: She has a busy schedule, yet she always finds time to volunteer.

• Yet: highlights the surprising dedication